Beverage is a liquid that uses water as the basic raw material and is produced by different formulas and manufacturing processes for people to drink directly. In addition to providing water, beverages have certain nutrition because they contain different amounts of sugar, acid, milk, sodium, fat, energy, amino acids, vitamins, inorganic salts and other nutrients in different varieties of beverages.

The following describes several commonly used beverages and their production process.

1. classification

1. According to the alcohol content to points

Can be divided into alcoholic beverages and non-alcoholic beverages, non-alcoholic beverages are also known as soft drinks.

Alcoholic beverages are beverages that are intended for human consumption and have an ethanol (alcohol) content of 0.5-65 percent (v/v), including all kinds of fermented spirits, distilled spirits and prepared spirits.

Non-alcoholic beverages are liquid foods, including solid beverages, whose alcohol content is less than 0.5 percent (v/v) and whose main purpose is to supplement the body's water.

2. According to the organization form

Can be divided into solid, common state, liquid 3 kinds.

Solid beverage refers to the solid products made of sugar, milk and dairy products, eggs or egg products, fruit juice or edible plant extracts as the main raw materials, adding appropriate amount of auxiliary materials or food additives, with the moisture content of no more than 5 grams per 100 grams of finished products, in the form of powder, granule or block, such as bean crystal powder, malted milk extract, instant coffee, chrysanthemum crystal, etc, protein solid beverage, ordinary solid beverage and baking solid beverage (instant coffee) 3 categories.

Common state beverages refer to those beverages that can be both solid and liquid, and are in a transitional state in form. Such as ice cream, popsicles, ice bricks, ice cream and so on in cold drinks.

Liquid beverages refer to those beverages with a solid content of 5% to 8% (concentrated to 30% to 50%), without a certain shape and easy to flow.

3. According to the processing technology to divide

It can be divided into the following four categories:

1) Collection type: collection of natural resources, no processing or simple filtration, sterilization and other processing products, such as natural mineral water.

2) Extraction type: natural fruits, vegetables or other plants by crushing, pressing or extraction, extraction and other processes to make beverages, such as fruit juice, vegetable juice or other plant-based beverages.

3) Preparation type: Beverages prepared with natural raw materials and additives, including carbonated soda.

4) Fermentation type: including yeast, lactic acid bacteria and other fermented beverages, including sterilization and non-sterilization.

2. drink introduction

1. Carbonated beverages

Carbonated drinks (soft drinks) products refer to drinks filled with carbon dioxide gas under certain conditions. Carbonated drinks, the main ingredients include: carbonated water, citric acid and other acidic substances, sugar, spices, some contain caffeine, artificial colors and so on. In addition to sugar can give the body energy, aerated "carbonated drinks" almost no nutrients. General: Coke, Sprite, soda. Excessive drinking is harmful to the body.

Carbonated beverage production process can be divided into a filling method and two filling method.

>>>>

one-time filling method

Also known as pre-conditioning filling method, finished product filling method or pre-mixing method. The flavored syrup and water are pre-pumped into a carbonated beverage mixer in a certain ratio, quantitatively mixed and then cooled, and the mixture is carbonated and then filled into the container.

>>>>

secondary filling method

Also known as the now adjustable filling method, pre-added syrup method or post-mixing method. The flavored syrup is first quantitatively injected into the container, then carbonated water is added to the specified amount, sealed and then mixed evenly.

2. Fruit juice (pulp) and fruit juice beverages

It is defined as the use of fresh or refrigerated fruit as raw materials, processed products. Fruit juice (pulp) and fruit juice drinks (products) can also be subdivided into 9 types, such as fruit juice, fruit pulp, concentrated fruit pulp, pulp drinks, fruit juice drinks, fruit juice drinks, fruit drinks thick pulp, fruit drinks, etc, most of them use the pulping process to process the edible parts of fruits or fruits into unfermented but fermented pulp or add the same amount of water as the natural moisture lost during concentration to the concentrated pulp, and make products with the color, flavor and soluble solids content of the original fruit pulp.

3. Vegetable juice beverages

The so-called fruit and vegetable juice is not added any foreign substances, directly to fresh or refrigerated fruits and vegetables (there are also some wide fruit) as raw materials, after cleaning, selection, using physical methods such as pressing, extraction, centrifugation and other methods of fruit and vegetable juice. Fruit and vegetable juice as the base material, add water, sugar, acid or spices into the deployment of the juice called fruit and vegetable juice beverage.

Fresh or refrigerated fruits and vegetables (some also use wide fruit) as raw materials, after cleaning and selection, the fruit and vegetable juice obtained by physical methods such as pressing, leaching, centrifugation and other methods is called fruit and vegetable juice, so fruit and vegetable juice is also called "liquid fruit and vegetable. Fruit and vegetable juice as the base material, by adding sugar, acid, flavor, pigment and other modulation products, known as fruit and vegetable juice drinks.

Its production process is:

Turbid fruit and vegetable juice: fruit and vegetable raw materials → cleaning, selection, grading → juice making → separation → sterilization → cooling → blending → homogenization → degassing → sterilization → filling → fruit and vegetable juice beverage production line

Clarification of fruit and vegetable juice: fruit and vegetable raw materials → cleaning, selection and grading → juice making → separation → sterilization → cooling → centrifugal separation → enzymatic clarification → filtration → blending → degassing → sterilization → filling → clarification of fruit and vegetable juice

Concentrated fruit and vegetable juice: fruit and vegetable raw materials → cleaning, selection and grading → juice making → separation → sterilization → cooling → centrifugal separation → concentration → blending → canning → concentrated fruit and vegetable juice

4. Milk-containing beverages

Milk-containing beverages are products made from fresh milk or dairy products, fermented or unfermented. Milk-containing beverages are divided into formulated milk-containing beverages and fermented milk-containing beverages. The prepared milk-containing beverage is a beverage made of milk or dairy products as raw materials, adding one or more of water, white sugar, sweetener, acidulant, fruit juice, tea, coffee, plant extract, etc.

5. Vegetable protein beverages

Plant protein beverages: plant nuts, pulp and soybeans as raw materials (such as soybeans, peanuts, almonds, walnuts, coconut, etc.), after processing, blending, and then by high-pressure sterilization or aseptic packaging of milk drinks.

plant protein beverage production process:

Pretreatment-soaking-refining-slurry separation-deodorization-blending-homogenization-filling and sealing-high temperature sterilization-cooling-finished products-product inspection

6. Bottled drinking water

Bottled drinking water refers to the water sealed in containers and sold to consumers for direct drinking. Bottled drinking water refers to the packaging containers used to hold water, such as glass bottles, plastic bottles, plastic barrels, cans, paper packaging, etc.

The production process is as follows: raw water filtration → chlorine sterilization → blending → precision filtration → sterilization → filling → sealing → inspection → mineral water

The production process of bottled purified drinking water usually consists of three parts: pretreatment, desalination and post-treatment.

The pretreatment includes a physical method, a chemical method, an electrochemical method, and the like.

Physical methods include clarification, sand filtration, degassing, membrane filtration, activated carbon adsorption, etc.

Chemical methods: coagulation, dosing sterilization, disinfection, oxidation reduction, complexation, ion exchange, etc.

Electrochemical methods have electrocoagulation.

Desalination processes include electrodialysis, reverse osmosis, ion exchange, and distillation.

Post-treatment processes include UV sterilization, ozone sterilization, terminal filtration (ultrafiltration, microfiltration) and packaging.

7. Tea Beverage

Tea beverage refers to the tea soup made by soaking tea with water, extracting, filtering, clarifying and other processes, or adding water, sugar, sour agent, edible essence, fruit juice or plant (grain) extract to the tea soup. Tea beverage refers to a beverage processed from tea extract, tea powder, and concentrated liquid as the main raw materials. It has the unique flavor of tea, contains natural tea polyphenols, caffeine and other effective ingredients of tea, and has nutrition and health effects. It is a cool and thirst-quenching multifunctional beverage.

Its processing technology is:

Water treatment → water extract of tea (instant tea powder) → blending (or not blending) → filtering → sterilization → filling and capping → lamp inspection → finished product

8. Solid Beverage

Solid beverage refers to the solid products made of sugar, milk and dairy products, eggs or egg products, fruit juice or edible plant extracts as the main raw materials, adding appropriate amount of auxiliary materials or food additives, with the moisture content of no more than 5 grams per 100 grams of finished products, in the form of powder, granule or block, such as bean crystal powder, malted milk extract, instant coffee, chrysanthemum crystal, etc, protein solid beverage, ordinary solid beverage and baking solid beverage (instant coffee) 3 categories.

Processing technology of fruit-flavored solid beverage: blending → forming → drying → sieving → inspection → packaging → finished product

Processing technology of protein-type solid beverage: saccharification → pulping → mixing → emulsification → storage → degassing → storage → tray distribution → drying → crushing → storage → inspection → packaging → finished product

9. Special purpose beverages

Special purpose beverages, also known as healthy beverages, refer to beverages that adapt to the needs of certain special populations by adjusting the composition and content ratio of nutrients in the beverage, or adding specific functional ingredients. Including sports drinks, nutrient drinks and other special purpose drinks three categories.

Conclusion

With the rapid development of the food industry and the increasing improvement of people's living standards, people put forward higher requirements for the diet structure, eating habits gradually turn to food with reasonable nutrition and health functions, representing healthy and green fermented food will further expand the market share.

In recent years, China's beverage market has been booming, with carbonated beverages, tea beverages, fruit and vegetable juice beverages, and functional beverages accounting for a large proportion. Beverages continue to mature, new technologies continue to develop, and new products that cater to consumer tastes and ideas continue to emerge. Therefore, the selection of high-quality methods for beverages and the development of new beverage products have broad market and application prospects.